User:Vtaylor/Engineering

Encouraging all kids to learn about the world through the Engineering Design Process.

enginering4kids.org - stories, activities, review form


 * exploring engineering, the designed world and the engineering design process.

2014
space coast
 * existing activities - document, online
 * There's an App for That - programming, coding - examples - writing, tubes, HTML source, mobile phone app code, scratch source, hands-on activity - graph paper coding intro, video, lesson plan pdf
 * One, Two, 3-D - spatial - 3d printer objects - "instructions", lego instructions, elevations based on 3D structure with bricks, origami - cranes ? video


 * mdc - grant application

swe erau
 * ksc tour info https://www.kennedyspacecenter.com/education.aspx
 * meetings, virtual outreach - group of 3-4 organize hands-on activity, create tutorial video/presentation, instructions > swe@erau, burns, etc
 * outreach http://girlswhocode.com/clubs/


 * 2014.06.23 - paola - paperwork for chapter. dates - recruitment activities, SHPE events, meeting ? wed, speakers, EAA / WOW. tour dates, outreach - availability, other orgs, SHPE, Outreach, GEMS, schools, Y, seniors, library, b&gc. outreach brochures, marketing. disney, ucf incubator


 * 2014.06.15 - paola, kristin - tours - local business volusia mfg, NASA. EAA288 - Young Eagles, hanger tour. WOW meeting, presenter, dinner. outreach - Girl Scouts activities, k-8, high school, space coast. on-campus meeting speakers - NASA, military, airlines, aviation mfg, general aviation, business recruiter - job search process, grad school application, research, start-up/spin-out. fundraising, membership recruitment. logistics - time, transportation, cost, fundraising. SWE Engineering Leadership for the 21st Century - "study group"


 * "The core skill of innovators is error recovery, not failure avoidance." --Randy Nelson, President of Pixar University.

other
 * mdc - mdc eng, classroom lessons, Pinterest, eng volunteers, kids - minecraft, scratch, hourofcode ? lunch / make activities


 * bgc - Tinkercad, Scratch, Hour of Code - angry birds


 * burns, schs, creekside


 * mooc - Exploring Engineering - Canvas / Brown University https://learn.canvas.net/courses/274 * NASA's design process http://www.nasa.gov/audience/foreducators/best/edp.html


 * mooc - STEAM camp - NASA 5Es instructional model represent five stages of a sequence for teaching and learning: Engage, Explore, Explain, Extend (or Elaborate), and Evaluate.


 * Robotics Without Electronics - NASA Educator Professional Development - Thur 29may 4:30

SWE professional development webinars
 * Outreach 4Δ - SWE outreach training - problem solving and process, spatial skills - mental rotation - [training, not avoid risk, mistakes = learning, importance, relevance.. Assessment for outreach. Health Happiness Safety.


 * SWE - Internet of Things (IoT), Machine to Machine (M2M), and enabling technologies Wed., May 28th at 1PM ET - interesting - older people in their own homes. ?, cheap, fast, pick 2. good overview of challenges - technical, also acceptance, security, standards/compatibility. building blocks - applications, devices, infrastructure - analystics, marketing, design

Society of Women Engineers SWE - Space Coast Section swe-sc.org
 * professional member since may 2014
 * Melbourne - Introduction to Engineering for Girls Workshop - Sat May 3, 2014
 * gears - Erin, Jessica - Harris lesson - input/output, bevel, rack and pinion, worm, ratios, universal joint
 * Adia, Andrea - organizers
 * SWEatERAU twitter, facebook

http://learningcenter.nsta.org/files/sc1204_67.pdf
 * Engineering: Go for It www.egfi-k12.org
 * Engineering Is Elementary www.mos.org/eie
 * Engineer Your Life www.engineeryourlife.org
 * Family Engineering www.familyengineering.org
 * Family Math www.lawrencehallofscience.org/equals
 * Family Science www.familyscience.org
 * National Engineers Week Foundation www.eweek.org
 * Those Amazing Engineers Teacher Guide www.trilogypublications.com/pdfs/TAE_TeachersGuide_lo.pdf




 * http://www.opened.io/#!/shared-playlist/valerie-taylor-engineering-4-kids OpenEd playlist


 * http://www.lightandmatter.com/mec.pdf
 * Physics for k-12  http://cnx.org/content/col10322/1.175
 * Basics of Fluid Mechanics http://www.potto.org/downloadsFM.php - good diagram of subject http://www.potto.org/FM/fluidIntro.pdf


 * engineering collaboration - ieee - Katie, Daytona -


 * **Engineering ideas** - list ** That's engineering - explain / connect to this object
 * What's the problem - specific problem / requirements - step through process ? questions


 * request / challenge - object > list systems, engineered components ? eng class assignment / activity
 * ? tweet, facebook


 * erau project lead the way
 * kids test drive, feedback
 * nsb bsf
 * logo, table cover

== notes 2013==
 * R2D2 - Read, Reflect, Display, and Do
 * Physics Classroom - Tom

Focused Applications of Physics Principles * Health Related Physics Atmospheric Optical Phenomena Electromagnetic Spectrum Lightning Electric Motors Transformers Electric Shock Household Circuits Aviation Physics Automotive Physics Oceanography Optics for Photography


 * researchgate.net, edmodo - STEM teaching / education community
 * Yosef - Project Lead the Way - ERAU Jan
 * Bruce - curiosity, imagination - that's engineering. swe ? activities/engineering, mechanics diagnostic test

Les/Ann - 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 > e4k 2012 - 1-gasohol, 2-aviation/laws of physics , 3-lighting, 4,5-illumination. 6,7,9, 10-x. 11-heating and cooling

2010 - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12 2011 - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12 2012 - 12 2013 - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12


 * http://inhabitat.com/the-biomimicry-manual/
 * E4K - activities, needs, mentors/volunteers, wp, mlearning, k-12 teacher training / faculty development, FLVS, FL engineering curriculum
 * Engineering Design challenge, Engineering in Social Studies, /Activity template/, /Florida history and culture/


 * http://www.intechopen.com/subjects/engineering - open engineering books * http://physwiki.ucdavis.edu/Classical_Mechanics
 * http://schools-wikipedia.org/wp/index/subject.Design_and_Technology.Engineering.htm
 * http://www.bozemanscience.com/
 * http://www.ck12.org/
 * http://teachthought.com/technology/43-must-have-stem-tools-from-edshelf/
 * http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Animations_of_machinery
 * x prize, SpaceShip One, rules
 * bar code reader
 * evaluation of designs, formal logic of design, theory of structure and design organization, representation of design problems * models to solve open-ended problems * heuristics, rule of thumb, Moore's Law
 * wonders - modern, ancient * engineering for scientific discovery - radio telescopes Australia, x-ray crystallography without crystals
 * [|AC 43-13 - 1B] Acceptable Methods, Techniques, and Practices - Aircraft Inspection and Repair
 * pacemaker
 * Exploratorium - toilet, vibration, abrasion, gear- stropped, wear & tear. 3D shapes - angles 60, 90, 108, 120, trapezoid. auto - differential. gyro. tinkering, sound, light, touch, clockwork. NOAA buoy recording device 2013.8.22
 * http://teacherstryscience.org/lp - lesson plans - look good
 * myth busters education - vocabulary, quizzes - self-study?, other ideas from activities, lesson plans
 * [|women invented], power law, chaos, risk, uncertainty, proabability
 * videos - itunes u, youtube teachers/education, [|knowmia]
 * [|activities list] from business
 * [|wikpedia] - core concepts
 * [|NOVA]
 * 20th century's [|greatest engineering achievements] - Electrification, Automobile, Airplane, Water Supply and Distribution, Electronics, Radio and Television, Agricultural Mechanization, Computers, Telephone, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration, Highways, Spacecraft, Internet, Imaging, Household Appliances, Health Technologies, Petroleum and Petrochemical Technologies, Laser and Fiber Optics, Nuclear Technologies, High-performance Materials
 * [|eng topics list]
 * [|wearable technology],
 * Outreach nsb bsf 2014 - k-8 robotics, engineering, interactive, competition becky
 * Bill Nye solar wing, [|Purdue materials], [|Oracle naval architecture, foil, materials], [|wind turbines]
 * mobile phones, television, autofocus camera, CAT scanner, printing press, mechanical clocks, cotton mill, electric generator, electron microscope, self-raising crane, fire alarm, elevator, radio, microwave oven, water faucet, dishwasher, air conditioner, blood pressure cuff, x-ray

2013.10.17 - 309 pages

2013.07.31 Read, Reflect, Display, and Do (R2D2) .pdf.
 * rethink - smaller stories, more example, less technical
 * story, picture/video, single engineering idea, activity, links

2013.07
 * space - start with thing > think, life (folk)
 * better stories - more focus, more engineering connection - design challenge too rigid but follow similar idea
 * identify engineering ideas, expand with specific examples
 * ? projects, activities
 * writing non-fiction for kids
 * follow me - rss > newsify > twitter > diigo

2013.05
 * middle school - characteristics - activities / solutions. sample problems ?


 * mech eng - guided learner-directed with test/assessment. evidence - personal learning network - curation, create - publish, contribute, cooperate, collaborate. assume something like PhD program. outcome - undergrad degree. portfolio, assessment of prior learning, challenge examinations - OER_university

2013.04
 * bio-eng - new at erau in mechanical eng ? daytona state - STEM tom swain - biology, science education
 * STEM-H (health)
 * dana - STEAM (arts) grants meeting - ucf
 * nsb bsf 2014 - charlie reinholtz - k-8 robotics, engineering, interactive, competition - mindstorm - pre-programmed/ write new code, robot laser tag ? sally pinewood derby - becky creekside, dave holly hill, dana burns, grant funding

2013.01


 * http://507movements.com/mm_033.html - drawings, some animations


 * BL activity example 474 words - kid focus, steps, illustrations, facts, good length, readability - missing more background science, learn more... links. 749 words several activities, some background, suggested reading - print.

== Engineering and Society for Youth (EASY)== applying science to benefit the global community


 * Scientists ask questions about the world around us, whereas engineers modify the world to adapt it to our needs. Scientific inquiry is concerned with what is, while engineering design is focused on what can be.

Lessons


 * Amazon Mission is an eighth-grade unit that is presented in the context of helping indigenous people in Brazil. It engages students in designing an insulated carrier that will keep medicine cool, a water filtration system, and a strategy for tempering the spread of an influenza virus.


 * Working Together to Live Together
 * Design From Nature
 * Solar Water Heater

Learn more...


 * Engineering - curriculum projects - specific examples reviewed for inclusion in the K-12 Engineering report - some "society" themes
 * Women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics ON THE AIR!
 * Green Roof Resources

== notes 2012==

2012.12


 * nap vocab, concepts - modeling, simulation, data analysis, limiting factors, criteria, specifications, mathematics skills - interpreting a line graph, making a line graph, measuring length in centimeters, adding and multiplying decimals. heuristics or rules of thumb.


 * BSA engineering, boys life
 * 4H engineering activities
 * teach engineering


 * questionnaire / interview guide
 * format ? cmooc - weekly - links, puzzle, qfocus > comments / blog, project, model, games


 * body of work - interesting and important activities for kids / learners. address all the aspects of engineering design process. examples. some worked examples. mostly learner directed activities. use right questions format with EDP. connection - man made, applied science. teacher notes after. general format - Qfocus > questions, priorities, actions * ask, imagine, plan, create, improve. social studies, grade level, science core curriculum


 * guidelines for the incorporation of core engineering concepts (systems and optimization) and skills (representation and experimentation) in K–12 education: 1. allocating sufficient classroom time for students to develop core concepts through immersion in extended design activities; 2. encouraging iterative, purposeful revisions of student designs; and 3.  sequencing instruction to build from the easiest-to-learn aspects of core concepts to the more difficult-to-learn aspects.


 * Saylor - Mechanical Engineering - open courses, good content, piggy back for k-8


 * Signals, systems, and control
 * engineering resources - free, activities
 * simple machines
 * mathematical model - route
 * buildings and structures
 * sensors - weather - humidity, wind

Engineering Concepts in the Categories of Systems and Optimization

Systems
 * Structure-behavior-function*	(SBF) - a framework for representing a system, describe both natural and designed systems. components (structures) in a system to their purpose (function) in the system and the mechanisms that enable them to perform their functions (behavior). functional considerations actually drive the design process > FBS
 * Emergent properties* - computer simulations - full range of possibilities and outcomes
 * Control/feedback
 * Processes
 * Boundaries
 * Subsystems
 * Interactions

Optimization
 * Multiple variables*
 * Trade-offs*
 * Requirements
 * Resources
 * Physical laws
 * Social constraints
 * Cultural norms
 * Side effects

At the elementary level, the engineering standards focused on distinguishing between the natural and human made world, such as comparing tools with animal body parts, e.g., scissors vs. lobster claws and dog paws vs. rakes. Material properties and the basics of the engineering design process were also included. They are intended to be covered by the mainstream classroom teacher, who also covers all other core subjects.

At the middle school level, the standards focus again on the engineering design process and also on five technology areas: construction, manufacturing, communication, transportation, and bio-related technologies.

grade level, time, units, fit with existing activities - additions, reinforce, expand


 * intro to engineering - NASA video 2:43, engineering design process, building space suit / repairing space station example - really well done

overview
 * problems solving
 * applied science
 * different than pure science - "customer", no one "right" answer, find best answers
 * "failure" is very important part of the process - ** test / improve
 * engineering design process

careers / types

fit with science, math
 * rock cycle

mEngineering - smartphones
 * tools - calculators,
 * information sources - engineering data, product specifications


 * design - CAD
 * build - 3D printer
 * test - nobody gets hurt - simulation, modeling


 * just for fun and games - Geared

Learn more...


 * /Engineering is/ - CIS student submissions and descriptions

2012.2.3


 * YouTube kids engineering


 * intro to engineering video 7min - LEGO robots > force, friction, torque, speed, careers

2012.12.2

homeschoolers @ MOAS thurs 1:30pm - smartphone

ideas, suggestions for lessons, integration into science
 * http://www.edutopia.org/blog/science-technology-engineering-math-stem-education-eric-brunsell
 * http://www.teachengineering.org/whyk12engr.php


 * * I notice… Focuses on subtle facts or details which are related to key understandings. * I think… INSIGHTFUL…identifies key understandings and their significance clearly, sees connections between ideas, supports opinions with persuasive, clear evidence, sees subtleties and ironies in alternate points of view. * I wonder… Question invites discussion promoting more than one point of view, personal connections, and understanding of the story or topic.

Engineering design - understand, design, deliver ** context
 * Defining and delimiting engineering problems - stating problem clearly, criteria for success and constraints, or limits
 * Designing solutions - generating a number of different possible solutions, evaluating potential solutions best meet the criteria and constraints of the problem, testing and revising the best designs.
 * Optimizing the design solution - tradeoffs, less important features for more important, number of iterations before arriving at the best possible design.


 * how does it work vs what can it do ? Steve Jobs

== Engineering==

Engineering - exploring the designed world - the application of math, science and the engineering design process to innovative problem solutions

Engineering Design Process (EDP)


 * Ask - identify the problem. ask as many questions as you can; do not stop to judge or correct or change any question; write down each question exactly as it comes out; change any statements into questions.


 * Imagine - brainstorm, explore similar solutions, possible improvements, materials, methods, new ideas


 * Plan - design, work out what it takes to build, any special tools, prototype, scale model, mathematical model, CAD - categorize, prioritize


 * Create - build it, try it out - testing, use it
 * Improve - make it better, additional features

Florida history - Volusia 4th


 * settlers - tools, housing, water transportation, railroad, shipping - MOAS
 * agriculture - citrus plantations, farming, cattle, irrigation, sugar mill
 * indians - housing, tools, crafts
 * hurricanes - damage to man-made structures, damage avoidance / prevention
 * theme parks - rides, attractions
 * Thomas Edison - phonograph, motion picture camera, 1,000 other inventions
 * NASA
 * St. Augustine and Cape Canaveral Lighthouse, Ponce Inlet lighthouse - construction, lenses, light source
 * forts, Castillo de San Marcos - construction, fortifications, guns, canons
 * Army Corps of Engineers - St. Johns River, Inter Coastal Waterway, bridges

water cycle
 * from my house to the sea - low flow toilets, sewage treatment
 * reduce, reuse, remediation, conserve

Learn more...
 * rock cycle - mining, exploration, oil refinery, thermal power
 * ERAU, Daytona State
 * Insects Inspire Robot Design

== Principles for K-12 engineering education==

STEM literacy - not only core knowledge and skills in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, but also the “big ideas” that link the four subject areas.

general principles that could guide all pre-college engineering education efforts
 * emphasize engineering design, the approach engineers use to identify and solve problems
 * incorporate important and developmentally appropriate mathematics, science, and technology knowledge and skills
 * promote engineering habits of mind, including systems thinking, creativity, optimism, collaboration, communication, and attention to ethical considerations

needs
 * clear description of which engineering knowledge, skills, and habits of mind are most important, how they relate to and build on one another, and how and when (i.e., at what age) they should be introduced to students
 * specify age-appropriate learning progressions in a rigorous or systematic way
 * specificity, consensus on learning outcomes and progressions

examples of natural connections between engineering and the three other STEM subjects


 * scientific investigation and engineering design are closely related activities that can be mutually reinforcing. include instances in which this connection is exploited (e.g., using scientific inquiry to generate data that can inform engineering design decisions or using engineering design to provide contextualized opportunities for science learning), systematically emphasized to improve learning in both domains.


 * mathematical analysis and modeling are essential to engineering design, use mathematics in ways that support modeling and analysis. K–12 engineering can contribute to improvements in students’ performance and understanding of certain mathematical concepts and skills.

experiences to support sophisticated understanding and skill development, even in young children
 * need sufficient time
 * opportunities for iterative, purposeful revisions of designs, ideas, models
 * ideas are sequenced from less to more complex

evaluation, assessment - effectiveness, professional development

Learn more...

Understanding the Status and Improving the Prospects] - full study, openbook
 * [http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12635 Engineering in K-12 Education:


 * Engineering: An Introduction for High School = open-source high school “flexbook”. nature of engineering, engineering and society, engineering design, and the connection between engineering, science, and mathematics.

K-12 framework [http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13165 A Framework for K-12 Science Education: Practices, Crosscutting Concepts, and Core Ideas] - based on practice of scientists and engineers
 * 1. Asking questions (for science) and defining problems (for engineering)
 * 2. Developing and using models
 * 3. Planning and carrying out investigations
 * 4. Analyzing and interpreting data
 * 5. Using mathematics and computational thinking
 * 6. Constructing explanations (for science) and designing solutions (for engineering)
 * 7. Engaging in argument from evidence
 * 8. Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information

== American inventions==
 * Top 100 American inventions video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3I2UBjpoYbg approx 10min.


 * American inventions and inventors http://www.150.si.edu/150trav/remember/amerinv.htm


 * American inventors http://www.american-inventor.com/


 * Top 10 African-American inventors http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/bhistory/inventors/


 * Native American inventions http://inventors.about.com/od/famousinventions/a/Native_American.htm


 * Timeline of American inventions - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_inventions -    Timeline of United States inventions (before 1890) Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) Timeline of United States inventions (1946–1991) Timeline of United States inventions (after 1991)


 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_inventions

= E in K-8 STEM=

An engineer starts with a societal need. Absent a societal need, an engineer has nothing to do. 


 * K-8 engineering - activities, needs, Burns, mentors/volunteers, engineering process, robots from found-objects, Sketch Up, improve existing objects, hands-on with cardboard, toothpicks, career search


 * learning lab - clear definition, outline, what to expect ? not motors, hands-on


 * diigo engineering

research, collaborate, share, logs / artifacts - web-based discussions, publication, blog, social bookmarks


 * what is engineering - examples
 * what do engineers do - careers industrial eng video
 * who - role models, personal stories


 * engineering design vs scientific method - societal need, trade-offs

projects / examples / thinking things


 * Sketch Up - free CAD, good tutorials


 * online interactive sites, games - bridge construction


 * collaboration - think, pair, pair.2, share
 * innovation, inspiration
 * great ideas, favorite things
 * history - good, not so good engineering


 * Peter Pan Captain Hook / modern prosthetic
 * grocery shopping cart - IDEO video
 * toothpick bridge ? marshmallows


 * ?? hands-on for middle school interests - motors, SeaPerch robot, Lego League, Robo??


 * Tech Awards - global engagement in applying technology to humanity's most pressing problems by recognizing individuals, organizations, and companies that use innovative technology solutions. 6 award areas: Environment, Education, Young Innovator, Health, Economic Development, or Sustainable Energy.


 * http://science.discovery.com/videos/how-its-made-videos


 * International Space Station http://www.youtube.com/watch_popup?v=H8rHarp1GEE - engineering, not just science

== thinking...==


 * engineering for good - learning lab


 * Research shows that girls start losing interest in math and science during middle school. Girls are typically more interested in careers where they can help others (e.g., teaching, child care, working with animals) and make the world a better place ... careers that use technology and scientific expertise to change the way things are done, to improve the environment, to make people healthier, or to make life more efficient. Girl Scout study


 * Olin - paid yr 1 to develop curriculum, first graduating class    Students 346 enrolled 55% male / 45% female


 * UofT eng sci majors http://engsci.utoronto.ca/explore_our_program/majors.htm


 * what Cape Canaveral was to America in the 1960s: the place where everyone everywhere should want to come to start up and make something — something that makes people’s lives more productive, healthy, comfortable, entertained, educated or secure. --Friedman


 * http://www.ncees.org/


 * Florida - p.eng - licensing, qualifications < curriculum


 * applied science - outcomes, FIRST, IDEO


 * Ontario - UofT Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering


 * UN Millennium goals
 * magnetic soap - chem looking for a problem


 * Scientific Method versus Engineering Design * engineering design process - approx = preparing a lesson plan


 * OERs / curriculum - lesson plans, presentations, resources, ThinkQuest


 * create design world (engineering - societal need > multiple correct answers with tangible economic value) vs. explore natural world (scientist - unknown > the correct answer freely added to a body of knowledge)


 * explore engineering disciplines - materials, biomedical, geo-engineering, nano, operations research / industrial, aerospace, civil, mechanical, electrical, computer science


 * ERAU - Applied Science < Engineering curriculum total reorg, IDEO, community college ? innovation / creativity

== 100 objects ==

hallmarks of good design - useful, intuitive, unobtrusive, durable, and affordable. They are also economical in the sense that they do a lot with a little. That is what makes them elegant.

Object - story - what can it do (problem), how does it work (applied science)


 * Engineering process - identify the problem * explore * design * create * try it out * make it better

Purpose. Design challenges. Trade offs. Science & math involved

examples - roller coaster , Eiffel tower , Frank Gehry designed EMP Museum Seattle , Slot machine and electronic gambling machines , Jet engine , Fresnel lens , MRI , Superconductor cryogenic magnetic field maglev train in japan , Radial engine , Plasma cutter , Wankel engine , Bridges - Golden Gate, Tacoma Narrows , stone chopping tool , handaxe , Dyson Ball™ vacuums , steam, railroads, electricity, telecommunications

top 20 achievements - 1. Electrification 2. 	Automobile 3. 	Airplane 4. 	Water Supply and Distribution 5. 	Electronics 6. 	Radio and Television 7. 	Agricultural Mechanization 8. 	Computers 9. 	Telephone 10. 	Air Conditioning and Refrigeration 11. 		Highways 12. 	Spacecraft 13. 	Internet 14. 	Imaging 15. 	Household Appliances 16. 	Health Technologies 17. 	Petroleum and Petrochemical Technologies 18. 	Laser and Fiber Optics 19. 	Nuclear Technologies 20. 	High-performance Materials


 * process examples - IDEO shopping cart (deep dive design process)

future engineering - sustainability, nanotechnology, geo-engineering, bio-engineering

== Problem solving==

http://feh.eng.ohio-state.edu/Lectures/192wi06/Lecture%2002%20-%20Problem%20Solving%20-%2006.ppt


 * create a new product
 * cost reduction
 * develop or change procedure
 * human factors

types of information
 * GIVENS: The initial condition of the problem
 * OPERATIONS: The various actions we are allowed to perform
 * GOALS: The desired final condition of the problem
 * PROBLEM STATE: The state of the problem at any specific point in time
 * SOLUTION: Completely specified the GIVENS, OPERATIONS, GOALS, and succession of PROBLEM STATES to get to GOAL state

== Applied science==

aka Engineering


 * "application" as related to science, math
 * opportunity for self-directed learning
 * explore engineering as related to subjects of personal interest
 * innovation, imagination, problem solving
 * use engineering process - what-if project - identify the problem. explore. design. create. try it out. make it better
 * communication in a community of practice
 * perfect enough, could be better (CBB)
 * project management - time, resources, money
 * scenario planning - trade-offs

"application" as related to science, math
 * examples - Statue of Liberty, bridges, robotic fish, cars, planes, food processor, microwave oven


 * explore engineering as related to subject of personal interest - find your own examples, explore application of science and math to the problem in this solution

use engineering process - what-if project - identify the problem. explore. design. create. try it out. make it better X 3 - 3 separate project cycles, 1 quick walkthrough / demo, 1 significant, 1 shorter opportunity to put learning from project 1&2 review/analysis into practice


 * opportunity for self-directed learning


 * research
 * problem selection


 * discussion, community of interest / practice


 * constrained project management - some bounds (grade-level math, science), limits (time to completion), guidance (cf instruction)


 * evidence of use of engineering process - bookmarks, models, diagrams, descriptions, blog entries
 * deliverables - presentation, project specifications, design notes, user's guide
 * reflection - what did I learn from this? what would I do differently next time?

guidance, need to know
 * innovation, imagination, problem solving
 * communication in a community of practice
 * perfect enough, could be better (CBB)
 * project management - time, resources, money - timeline, task list, checkpoints / milestones, deadlines, deliverables, parallel / sequential activities, resource requirements / limits, budget
 * scenario planning - possibilities, trade-offs, risk analysis

from 10 ways to think like a mathematician - not all the points are an exact fit but there are a number of "transferable" skills that are essential in both mathematics and applied science


 * questions everything
 * write in sentences - the building blocks of arguments, promotes real understanding, logical thinking
 * what about the converse - not necessarily true
 * use the contrapositive - two trues, but what about two not-trues
 * consider extreme examples - real but unusual, approaching limits
 * create your own examples
 * where are the assumptions used? - are they necessary limitations
 * start with the complicated side - simplify, look for smaller assemblies, components
 * ask "what happens if..." - more complexity, increase knowledge and understanding
 * communicate - explaining your work forces you to think clearly. learn from others - find mistakes, make suggestions

Four principles of How to Solve It suggests the following steps when solving a mathematical problem:


 * 1) First, you have to understand the problem. - identify the problem, explore
 * 2) After understanding, then make a plan. - design
 * 3) Carry out the plan. - create, try it out
 * 4) Look back on your work. How could it be better? - make it better

If this technique fails, Pólya advises: "If you can't solve a problem, then there is an easier problem you can solve: find it." Or: "If you cannot solve the proposed problem, try to solve first some related problem. Could you imagine a more accessible related problem?"

Learn more...


 * NASA Women in Engineering video - good overview presented by interesting (and attractive) young women engineers

== Engineering process==

identify the problem * explore * design * create * try it out * make it better


 * define the problem
 * background research
 * idealize the problem (figure out how to model it as a simplified system etc)
 * do the analytical work
 * figure out how your analysis of the simplified system maps to the real world
 * test to see if you've met your criteria
 * if not, revise and go through the process again.

design engineering, research


 * artificial leaf - scientist talks about the break where science works and it becomes an engineering problem - great description of differences http://www.sciencefriday.com/program/archives/201104081


 * How hard can it be? Flying house - like the one in Up only real http://www.slashgear.com/national-geographic-makes-real-flying-house-from-animated-flick-up-07138256/ The full episode goes through all the engineering required to make it happen - lots of designing, experimenting, model-building, calculating, fixing mistakes and the final actual event - great stuff

Use activity: Your client wants to use their widget at 2800 meters above sea level. What modification do you need to make to the widget? 1. Transmogrify it 2. Redorbinate it 3. Neoplyordinize it 4. No modification needed The “use” activity tests whether the learner can apply their knowledge of transmogrification in a realistic situation, not in an abstract definition activity. At the same time, it answers three “know” questions for us. It tells us whether the learner knows that: * 2800 meters is officially “high altitude” * You need to modify widgets for high altitudes * The necessary modification is called “transmogrification”
 * Use vs Know - Bloom simplified - know vs use http://blog.djangolabs.com/know-vs-use-activities/

mLearning - created with an iPhone - Getting around Tokyo - example of a learning process http://lc.celebrateoklahoma.us/video/engineering-process-with-michael-solomon

putting the E in STEM
 * applied science - understanding what engineering is - what it is, what it is not
 * what engineers "do" - problem solving - demonstrate, examples, video

Learn more...
 * IDEO builds a better shopping cart for Nightline program - video

Design. Engineering. Innovation. Form. Process. Function.

== Design thinking ==

Design thinking - from a “beginner’s mind”—the Zen ideal of approaching old problems with a fresh, almost childlike disposition. Too many of us ride into town already 99 percent sure that we’ve got the answers, when in fact, we don’t yet even know what the real problems are. Design thinking requires stepping back, slowing down, witnessing, asking, and becoming more and more comfortable with not knowing. And it’s being adopted by a wide range of practioners—military officers, educators, scientists and more. http://dowser.org/nine-with-your-help-insights-from-opportunity-collaboration/#more-16575

Introduction for anyone / k-12 interested learning about Engineering, applied science - activities, videos and links


 * Readings in Digital Design


 * Open Textbooks - Engineering

The Seven Challenges course workbook introduces students to some of the most important processes in interpersonal communication, supported by readings, references and exercises. This is definitely a learn-how-to-do-it course, with the supporting materials arranged to facilitate behavior change and skill acquisition. Processes covered include listening, negotiating the shape of conversations (metacommunication), self-expression, translating complaints into requests, asking questions more open-endedly and creatively, expressing appreciation, and adopting the attitude and practice of continuous learning (embracing each conversation as an opportunity to further develop one's communication skills).
 * Communication Skills for Personal and Professional Development: The Seven Challenges Approach


 * Basic job skills - Second City biz training

== Job listings, resumes and applications==

Engineering resumes - samples, formatting and content


 * http://www.bestsampleresume.com/engineering-resumes.html - Mechanical


 * http://www.resume-resource.com/extec7.html


 * http://www.resume-resource.com/extec11.html - different style


 * http://jobsearchtech.about.com/od/resumesandletters/a/ResumeSample_ME.htm - another format style

Engineering job listings - also check for language, qualifications, keywords to put in your resume and use to search for listings


 * ASME


 * Dice


 * Craigs list

Organizations - job postings, resume info, join as member - good to have industry organization affiliation to include on your resume


 * American Society of Mechanical Engineers - early career information

== Engineering curriculum==


 * Stanford Engineering Everywhere (SEE) - popular engineering classes free of charge to students and educators around the world. View lecture videos, access reading lists and other course handouts, take quizzes and tests, and communicate with other SEE students.

Programming Methodology CS106A, Programming Abstractions CS106B, Programming Paradigms CS107
 * Introduction to Computer Science - the three-course sequence taken by the majority of Stanford undergraduates

Introduction to Robotics CS223A, Natural Language Processing CS224N, Machine Learning CS229
 * Artificial Intelligence - advanced courses in artificial intelligence

The Fourier Transform and its Applications EE261, Introduction to Linear Dynamical Systems EE263, Convex Optimization I EE364A, Convex Optimization II EE364B
 * Linear Systems and Optimization - advanced courses in electrical engineering

Open textbooks - Science, Math and Engineering

College Open Textbooks - textbooks by subject including math, science, chemistry, physics, engineering
 * Chemical Process Dynamics and Controls
 * Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering I (Connexions)
 * Introduction to Physical Electronics (Connexions)


 * Collaborative Statistics - Connexions
 * http://physicsforfree.org

Virtual lectures


 * Universities - MIT, Stanford, UC Berkeley
 * TED Talks
 * YouTube Edu - from college and university partners
 * TeacherTube

= Women in engineering=
 * why aren't more women studying Engineering
 * what would make Engineering education and careers more attractive to women
 * gender considerations in design and delivery of products and services

Engineering (applied science) SHOULD be a natural fit for women, but it isn't. This needs to change.

Interest and ability
 * perception
 * experiential learning
 * Engineering course pre-reqs - math, science

Gender considerations
 * Checklist for Addressing Gender-related Barriers to ICTs (.pdf) - two page checklist of items that would help address recognition of gender neutral ICT design


 * WomenTechEducators - WomenTech Proven Practices Library

Some ideas for consideration


 * critical view focusing on the role of technology as a system and as practice in which there are choices about our future course of action.


 * women generally need to understand the context of an idea and to have a thorough explanation. Adequate explanation and contex-tual description is an important way to improve instruction for a number of students.


 * Some students will need to have a higher degree of explanation and contact with the teacher. However, all students would benefit from more attention to expla-nation and context from any teacher.


 * students should be encouraged to share their own knowledge and expertise. Include women and all students in the educational discourse, providing them with a voice in order to strengthen students' involvement and understanding of the subject matter

http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JTE/v10n2/zuga.html Karen F. Zuga

http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JTE/

women's ways of knowing

distribution by gender of myers briggs type

create an alternate theory and scientific methodology based upon the differences of women. The purpose of this is not to destroy science, but to continue the evolution of science (Fox Keller, 1985; Fee, 1986; Rose, 1986).

change in the view of science has been detailed by Fox Keller (1986)

benefited from feminist conceptions of theory and paying attention to women�s ways of knowing has been the work of primatologists as outlined by Reed (1978), Haraway (1986; 1989), and Hrdy (1986) and as given notoriety by the work of Dian Fossey with mountain gorillas.

particular differences in the way in which women experienced knowing. Their perspectives were: silence, a condition in which women did not speak out; received knowledge, listening to the voices of others; subjective knowledge, listening to the inner voice and a quest for one�s own identity; procedural knowledge, looking for reason and becoming aware of separate and connected knowledge; and constructed knowledge, integrating the voices of all with respect to context. Perry, 1970; Belenky et al., 1986).

final position of constructed knowledge which involves paying close attention to context, wanting to know and to represent the knowledge of others in order to inform thinking, is not as well represented either in Perry�s (1970) theories or in the traditional conceptual-izations of science.

MPICT / NSF / IWITTS

CalWomenTech Project

City College of San Francisco Computer Networking and Information Technology Program, with a focus on the new Digital Home Integration Technology certification http://www.iwitts.com/html/calwomentech_summary.html

http://www.iwitts.com/html/calwomentech_sites.html Carmen Lamha, the chair of the CNIT Department, and Dr. Pierre Thiry, Principal Investigator for the Mid-Pacific ICT (MPICT) Center, a three-year $3 milion NSF ATE Project, are leading the College's efforts.

More information about CCSF's MPICT Program http://www.iwitts.com/html/calwomentech_sites.html#

Visit the WomenTech Section of CCSF’s Website http://womentechworld.org/ccsf/

Organizations with programs for young women


 * Girl Scouts STEM programs
 * Women Technology Educators
 * Society for Women Engineers


 * National Institute for Women in Trades, Technology and Science - Women Tech Educators resources


 * Women in Technology International WITI

women technology educators

The ITEA WomenTech Portal brings educators resources for increasing the number of women and girls in the technology classroom. ... www.iteaconnect.org/Resources/womentechportal.htm - Cached - Similar -
 * INTERNATIONAL TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION ASSOCIATION

May 9, 2009 ... Digital Sisters: (Digital Sisters has been created "to promote and provide technology education and enrichment for young girls and women of ... www.research.umbc.edu/~korenman/wmst/links_sci.html - Cached - Similar -
 * Women-Related Science/Technology Sites

Women in Technology (WIT) is a not-for-profit organization dedicated to offering women in all levels of the technology industry a wide range of professional ... Event Calendar - Job Bank - About WIT - Contact Us www.womenintechnology.org/ - Cached - Similar -
 * Women In Technology

Women and girls often perceive the subject of technology education as a male ..... Technology educators need to understand that women's values will enter ... scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JTE/v10n2/zuga.html - Cached - Similar - by KF Zuga - Cited by 31 - Related articles - All 9 versions
 * Addressing Women's Ways of Knowing to Improve the Technology ...

Digital Sisters, Inc. a Technology Social Services Agency. Skip Intro and Enter Site here. Gender & Technology · Technology Planning. www.digital-sistas.org/ - Cached - Similar -
 * Digital Sisters Technology Education with Women in Mind


 * more women into engineering - 17 > 25% - cohort, restructure > P.Eng cert ? turn-offs - un-welcoming, unknown endpoint (cf know what a doctor does), role models

Girl Scout research -

An engineer starts with a societal need. Absent a societal need, an engineer has nothing to do. 


 * how does it work, what can it do
 * societal needs and engineering - Haiti water purifier, MDG, Tech Awards, NOVA Science & Society / Tech & Engineering
 * process and product - engineering method
 * you don't have to do it all yourself - group work - IDEO shopping cart
 * failure is an option, no right answers, could be better - digital hands-on Sketchup, Etoys, Squeak
 * interests, role models, careers
 * challenge-based learning - rubric

= Learn more...=

What do engineers do? Why would I want to be one?


 * introduction to breadth of opportunities - examples of interesting careers, profiles of interesting people
 * problem solving - games, puzzles
 * processes and methods - applied math and science - hands-on activities
 * lego robots - Lego League
 * bridges
 * roller coaster design
 * CAD / MatLab
 * demonstrations - virtual field trips
 * biomedical ? Dean Kaman TED talk
 * questions - motivation, alternatives considered, preconceived ideas about engineering


 * Discovering Information Systems: An Exploratory Approach This book was amazing, I learned so much from it. It broke down the concepts in a manner that was easy to grasp and also it made it fun to read. I am going to continue to use it as a resource for my engineering courses and recommend it to other students so they can have a good foundation of technical information. AC w12


 * top 20 achievements - how engineering shaped a century and changed the world


 * How Stuff Works


 * Illumin - exploring the science and technology behind the things we encounter every day, the far-reaching impact of the engineering profession, and provide a broader view of the socio-economic and political implications of rapid technological change.


 * Scientific Method versus Engineering Design – though students are taught the scientific method, they learn rather less of the methodology of the other half of STEM – engineering and design. This video suggests [http://www.cata.ca/Media_and_Events/Press_Releases/cata_pr02211201.html “a new way to introduce engineering into the K-12 curriculum by exploring the distinctions between science and engineering; between the natural world and the designed world; and between the scientific method and the engineering design process.” ... ‘An engineer starts in an entirely different place. An engineer starts with a societal need. Absent a societal need, an engineer has nothing to do.’ A scientist, on the other hand, can live in the natural world, exploring, without being expected to create new systems or solve societal needs.” Interesting. A useful distinction. video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1jPJt-q83k0


 * The Naked Scientists Engineering podcasts


 * Dilbert - The Knack - engineering


 * Teaching Engineering collection - primary grade level

== Interesting engineering jobs==
 * Disneyland
 * IDEO
 * teaching
 * Cristina Amon, Dean, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto - first women to hold this position
 * Susan McCahan, Professor, First Year Chair, GoEngGirl Fair


 * NASA
 * robotics - search and rescue
 * biomedical
 * environmental - safe water

Career Options for Women

These are previews and promotions for videos for sale. However the descriptions and the preview clips are useful without the expense of purchasing the videos. http://www.womentechstore.com/careervids.html
 * Video Games

== Science and engineering news==


 * Slashdot
 * Wired
 * BBC News - Technology
 * Science Geek Girl - science writer talks about all sort of interesting science topics, includes videos

== Simulations, games and puzzles==
 * Math animations - Many concepts in mathematics are dynamic, that means books can not explain and display everything you need to understand a certain concept. This animation teaching tool makes things different . It shows every concepts very clear and make it fun. Multimedia demonstration makes it easier for understanding. --XZ


 * keep a submarine balanced while lowering it to the bottom of the sea


 * simulations of different subjects. Using simulations is a better way to learn new things because it can deepen people's impression of the subject. It also makes learning become more interesting.


 * Electricity, Flight, Light, and others


 * illustrates different optical illusions and explains them

== Projects and competitions==
 * US FIRST Robotics Competition


 * Young Scientist Competition

== Organizations, communities and networks==


 * Engineers without Borders
 * Canadian Coalition of Women in Engineering, Science, Trades and Technology
 * National Science Foundation Committee for Equal Opportunity in Science and Engineering (CEOSE)
 * National Center for Women and Information Technology
 * Society of Women Engineers
 * Anita Borg Institute for Women and Technology (ABI)


 * National Institute for Women in Trades, Technology & Science (National IWITTS) - good newsletters, resources, some items must be purchased
 * http://www.womentechworld.org

NGCP > Resources > Relevant Links > Engineering http://www.ngcproject.org/resources/relevantlinks2.cfm


 * American Society of Mechanical Engineers/Minorities and Women E-mentoring program, statistics on women, Young Engineer Program, Diversity Action Grants


 * Celebration of Women in Engineering – National Academy of Engineering Gallery of female engineers, chats with female engineers, Engineer Girl for high school students, career information, financial aid


 * Engineer Girl – a program of the National Academy of Engineering. Educates girls about careers in engineering


 * MentorNet An e-mentoring network for female students in engineering and science


 * Society of Women Engineers Dedicated to advancing and encouraging women in engineering. Conferences, networking, career development, scholarships


 * Women in Engineering Programs and Advocates Network Strives to enhance the success of women in engineering. Activities include conferences, college programs, K-12 programs and publications


 * Engineer Your Life Meet inspiring women engineers who make a real difference in the world and help high school girls discover how exciting and rewarding an engineering career can be.

== Engineering and social entrepreneurship==


 * Krista Donaldson is the CEO of D-Rev, a non-profit technology incubator whose mission is to improve the health and incomes of people living on less than $4 per day.

Krista Donaldson has been working at the intersection of design and international development for over twelve years, applying engineering and design to confounding social problems in the developing world. Her recent work focused on medical devices: Brilliance a device to treat babies with severe jaundice, and the JaipurKnee, an artificial knee for developing world amputees. Donaldson was a diplomacy fellow at the U.S. Department of State, a design engineer with KickStart International in Nairobi, Kenya, and at the product design firm IDEO. A native of Nova Scotia, Krista has a BE in Mechanical Engineering from Vanderbilt University, a MSE (Product Design), MSME and a PhD from Stanford University. Her doctoral work was among the first to focus on engineering and social entrepreneurship in less industrialized economies. Donaldson is also a lecturer at the Hasso Plattner Institute of Design at Stanford University.